RESUMO
BACKGROUND: As part of the EMECAM Project, the objective of this study is that of assessing the impact of air pollution on the daily mortality in Seville throughout the 1992-1996 period. METHODS: During the 1992-1996 period, readings were taken daily of the amounts of SO2, particles in suspension (PM10) and NO2 present in the air in the city of Seville, in addition to the number of deaths daily due to different causes. For analyzing this data, a multivariable Poisson regression model was used for modeling each one of the causes of death in terms of the air immission readings, controlling other confusion-causing variables. RESULTS: A relationship was found to exist between the rises in the NO2 levels and the daily death rate throughout the months of May to October. For each 10 micrograms/m3 rise, the risk of death or all causes showed a 2% rise, the same rise in the NO2 levels leading to a 3% rise in the risk of death resulting from cardiovascular diseases. CONCLUSIONS: A relationship exists between the levels of NO2 air pollution and the daily death rate in Seville. The findings provide scientific knowledge and information which can be of use for preventing the impact of air pollution on human health.
Assuntos
Poluição do Ar/efeitos adversos , Mortalidade/tendências , População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricos , Idoso , Poluição do Ar/estatística & dados numéricos , Causas de Morte , Humanos , Conceitos Meteorológicos , Distribuição de Poisson , Análise de Regressão , Estações do Ano , Espanha/epidemiologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to estimate the relationship between the levels of air pollution and the daily mortality in the city of Huelva for the 1993-1996 period using the EMECAM methodology. METHODS: The number of daily deaths for all causes except external ones, the death rate of those over age 69, due to diseases of the circulatory system and for respiratory diseases were used as rate indicators. Four pollutants--SO2, PM10, NO2 and CO--were analyzed, the daily levels of which were furnished by the air pollution monitoring network in Huelva. Autoregressive Poisson regression models were constructed controlling by tendency, seasonality, temperature, humidity, flue and events out of the ordinary. RESULTS: For the mortality rate for all causes, a significant association impact was found to exist for the NO2 for the entire period (RR10 microgram/m3: 1.0414; CI95%: 1.0047-1.0794) and for the particles (PM10) for the cold half of the year (RR10 microgram/m3: 1.0358; CI95%: 1.007-1.0722). For the mortality in people over age 69, a significant relationship was found to exist for SO2 throughout the entire period (RR10 microgram/m3: 1.0606; CI95%: 1.0020-1.1227). A significant relationship to the mortality from respiratory disease particles (PM10) was found to exist for the cold half of the year (RR10 microgram/m3: 1.1412; IC95%: 1.0300-1.2644). There was no association of contaminants with cardiovascular mortality; also there was no association between levels of CO and mortality indicators. CONCLUSIONS: In Huelva, significant relationships have been found to exist between the current levels of air pollution resulting from particles, SO2 and NO2 and the daily mortality. The impact of these pollutants on the mortality is coherent with scientific literature, although in the case of Huelva, the extremely small number of daily deaths due to its small population and other factors limit the consistency thereof.
